The dominant allele produces the 'tall' trait, whereas the recessive allele produces the 'short' trait.
An allele is a gene variant for a given gene locus.
In diploid organisms, one allele for a given gene locus is inherited from the mother, whereas the other allele is inherited from the father.
Homo-zygous individuals have the same allele for a given locus, whereas heterozygous individuals carry different alleles.
In complete dominance, the dominant allele completely masks the expression of the recessive allele in heterozygous individuals.
In this case, the dominant allele produces the 'tall' trait because the cross between two pure plant lines produces 100% heterozygous pea plants having the tall trait.
In conclusion, the dominant allele produces the 'tall' trait, whereas the recessive allele produces the 'short' trait.
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