Read the two passages from "Everest Then and Now."


Passage 1


The earliest known survey of the mountain was in 1715. The Qing Empire in China studied the mountain while mapping its territory. In 1802, the British were conducting a survey of the highest mountains in the world. They wanted to measure Everest, but the government of Nepal did not allow them to enter the country. They suspected that the British might try to claim the mountain as their own. Five decades later, in 1852, an Indian mathematician and surveyor named Radhanath Sikdar identified Everest as the world's highest peak. The name Mount Everest was officially adopted as the English name for the mountain in 1865. It was named after Sir George Everest, an early British surveyor who was the head of the survey. What's interesting is that Everest objected to the mountain being named after him. He argued that his name was too difficult to pronounce in the local language, Hindi.


Passage 2


The increase in popularity means that more people are climbing Everest than ever. It's true that the economy of Nepal benefits from the hundreds of climbers each year. The government requires climbers to purchase a climbing permit. Climbers who hire Nepalese guides are also helping the local economy. However, more climbers on the mountain cause a number of problems. Large numbers of climbers on the mountain at once can be unsafe, especially when teams get close to the top of the mountain. This was not a concern in the early days of Everest explorers. Now, hiking companies encourage climbing teams to take turns when they get close to the peak. Climbers put in too much effort to get caught in a traffic jam near the summit.


How is the structure of Passage 1 different from the structure of Passage 2?

1 Passage 1 uses a chronological structure, while Passage 2 uses a compare and contrast structure.

2 Passage 1 uses a chronological structure, while Passage 2 uses a problem and solution structure.

3 Passage 1 uses a compare and contrast structure, while Passage 2 uses a cause and effect structure.

4 Passage 1 uses a compare and contrast structure, while Passage 2 uses a chronological structure.