Answer: A. challenge a generalization made by certain astronomers
Explanation:
You didn't put the information from the text or story in order to know the information in the third paragraph. Also, I searched online and couldn't get the information online as well regarding the paragraph and the information it contained.
From my research, I found out that the correct option is A "challenge a generalization made by certain astronomers" but u can't really explain further due to lack of information.
Therefore, the answer is A.