The evolutionary arm's race seen between caterpillars and a parasitic wasp is COEVOLUTION. This type of evolution helps the development of adaptive traits in both hosts and parasites.
Coevolution refers to the evolutionary race between hosts and parasites aimed at improving the defense (host) and parasitic (parasite) mechanisms, respectively.
Coevolution is therefore a reciprocal adaptative mechanism over time due to the interactions between two different species (in this case, host and parasite).
Examples of coevolution include plant and pollinator interactions, predator and prey interactions, or host and parasite interactions.
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