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MMMski
Hello!

Plessy v. Ferguson was a Supreme Court case in 1897. It ruled the "separate but equal" doctrine to be constitutional and legal. This allowed public facilities and services (restrooms, public transportation, etc.) to be racially segregated as long as the facilities remained "separate but equal." However, African Americans never truly received equal treatment.
Later, Brown v. Board of Education challenged the "separate but equal" doctrine. It fortunately ruled the doctrine to be unconstitutional, and public schools slowly became integrated. This posed as the beginning of the end of racial segregation in America.

I hope this helps you!

Answer:

Following the end of Reconstruction and the establishment of full citizenship for former slaves, many states started instituting laws that required separate public facilities, such as railroad compartments, for whites and African Americans.

In 1892, a man of mixed race, Homer Plessy, sat down in a whites-only compartment of a railroad car. He was arrested, and each level of the Louisiana court system found him guilty of violating the state’s segregation laws. The state supreme court, however, allowed Plessy’s case to go further in the appeal process.

The case was eventually heard by the US Supreme Court in 1896. The grounds for Plessy’s case rested on the assumption that segregation laws were unconstitutional on the basis of the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

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